Understanding Rickets in Dogs

Rickets is a painful and debilitating condition that affects the bones of young, growing dogs, typically puppies. It is caused by a deficiency in Vitamin D, calcium, or phosphorus all essential for healthy bone development. When these nutritional needs are not met, bones become soft, weak, and deformed, leading to lifelong physical problems.

While rickets is less common today thanks to improved veterinary nutrition, stray dogs, neglected pups, and poorly fed litters are still at significant risk. Understanding the disease is the first step toward prevention and saving young lives.

What Is Rickets?

Rickets is a metabolic bone disease that occurs when a dog’s bones fail to mineralise properly. Without enough Vitamin D, calcium, or phosphorus, the body cannot build strong bones.

It most often affects:

• Puppies under 6 months old

• Dogs fed poor or unbalanced diets

• Dogs kept indoors with little sunlight

• Malnourished dogs, especially strays

Key Causes of Rickets in Dogs

Rickets usually develops when a puppy lacks the nutrients needed for strong bone growth. Vitamin D deficiency is one of the primary causes, as it prevents the body from properly absorbing calcium and phosphorus.

A poor diet, especially one made up of only meat or table scraps, quickly leads to mineral imbalance and weak bones. Lack of sunlight is another major factor, since natural light is essential for Vitamin D activation in the body.

In some cases, genetic disorders can interfere with a dog’s ability to metabolise nutrients, though this is relatively rare.

Intestinal problems, including parasite infestations, can also block the absorption of key vitamins and minerals. Together, these risk factors create the perfect conditions for rickets to develop especially in young, neglected, or malnourished dogs.

Symptoms of Rickets in Dogs

Rickets affects bone growth and mobility. Symptoms usually appear gradually but worsen over time:

Physical Signs

• Bowed or bent legs

• Swollen joints

• Enlarged wrists or hocks

• Spinal deformities

• Delayed growth / stunted size

Behavioural Signs

• Difficulty walking or standing

• Limping or lameness

• Reluctance to move or play

• Pain when touched

• General weakness

If left untreated, puppies may become permanently deformed and develop arthritis or mobility issues for life.

Diagnosis

A veterinarian may use:

• Physical examination (checking bone shape and movement)

• X-rays to detect bone softening and deformations

• Blood tests to assess calcium/phosphorus/Vitamin D levels

Treatment

The good news is that rickets can often be reversed if caught early.

Treatment Usually Includes:

• Vitamin D and calcium supplements

• Correcting the diet

• Controlled exercise (to avoid fractures)

• Pain management if necessary

• Occasionally splints or braces for severe deformities

Veterinary supervision is essential overdosing on Vitamin D can be dangerous.

Prevention: The Best Cure

Rickets is highly preventable with proper care and nutrition.

How to Protect Puppies:

• Feed commercial puppy food formulated for growth

• Avoid feeding just meat or scraps

• Ensure access to natural sunlight

• Provide regular veterinary check-ups

• Treat parasites that may cause malabsorption

• Support immunity with a strong diet and hygiene

Why This Matters for Stray & Rescue Dogs

Stray puppies and dogs in poor conditions are especially vulnerable. They are often malnourished, kept in dark spaces, and denied veterinary care. Rescues and animal welfare groups can make a huge impact through:

• Nutritional education for adopters & foster carers

• Screening rescued puppies for early signs of rickets

• Providing balanced food and supplements

• Encouraging outdoor exercise & sun exposure

Early intervention saves lives and prevents lifelong disability.

Conclusion: Healthy Bones, Healthy Life

Rickets is not just a disease it’s a sign of neglect, malnutrition, and preventable suffering. With awareness, proper care, and good nutrition, we can ensure puppies grow into strong, happy, pain-free adults.

Every puppy deserves solid ground to stand on and a future without pain.

Disclaimer

The information provided in this blog is for educational and awareness purposes only and should not be considered a substitute for professional veterinary advice, diagnosis, or treatment. If you suspect that your dog or any animal may be showing signs of rickets or any health condition, please consult a qualified veterinarian immediately. Every animal is different, and only a professional can recommend appropriate tests, treatments, and care. At no time should this information be used to delay or replace urgent veterinary attention.